Friday, December 27, 2019

Using Renewable Energy Essays - 1622 Words

With a growing population around the world, the need for more energy increases as well. We are accustomed to using fossil fuels as our central source of energy for everyday exploiting. Fossil fuels are a natural matter that is found in the ground of the Earth that is formed in a previous time period millions of years ago and are nonrenewable. Fossil fuels are burned in order to fabricate energy. When nonrenewable resources have been used, they cannot restock themselves or be used again. Renewable energy is a supply of energy that can be used as many times necessary and does not necessitate a compound made from the Earth. There are several different types of fossil fuels and renewable energy that we use for energy sources today.†¦show more content†¦for ships. Soon after, the windmill is invented. At the beginning of the 1900’s, hydroelectric power for electricity is introduced. Meanwhile, renewable energy is essentially forgotten until the late 1900’s because other sources of energy by using fossil fuels are booming. Renewable energy becomes a topic of interest again in the 1970’s when there is a gas shortage because of the tapering production of oil from the Middle East. Although, people begin to realize soon after this that fossil fuels can’t last ceaselessly and that a new source of energy needs to be established (Hoyle). One of the paramount benefits of using renewable energy rather than fossil fuels is that it’s much cleaner. There are no toxins and pollutants pushed into the air by burning like there are when using fossil fuels. Producing energy with clean air makes renewable energy more competent to the environment and to people for preservation and health reasons. Endowments of renewable energy can never run out so there is constantly a regular supply of it. When fossil fuels are burnt, it produces greenhouse gases that are harmful to the atmosphere. As a result, this makes our solar energy become caught in the atmosphere and causes global warming because of the absorbed heat. Many scientists believe that by reducing the use of harmful fossil fuels, there are many environmental benefits that can help prevent ecological catastrophes (Tanner). As moreShow MoreRelatedUsing Renewable Energy, Reliable And Reliable Source Of Energy Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesreliable and modern energy services and/or renewable energy, rather than depending on inefficient sources, such as biomass, for energy. Target 7.3 can be measured by comparing passed to present/future improvements in energy efficiency. (i.e. lower cost, using renewable energy more efficiently) Target 7.a and b can be measured by comparing the amount of passed to present/future research that s transpire ameliorate the access and supplying to modern, sustainable, and renewable energy. 2) Are the targetsRead MoreWhat Are Your Recommendations For Using Fossil Fuels And Renewable Energy Sources?912 Words   |  4 Pagesrecommendations for using fossil fuels and renewable energy sources? The United States currently uses approximately one quarter of the world’s total energy consumption (Toossi). With around 322 million people inhabiting the United States, our population accounts for just fewer than 5% of the total world population. That means that our 5% of the world’s population is using 25% of the world’s energy! Something has to be done. To begin to understand why, we need to break down our energy demands: 37% petroleumRead MoreAssess the Potential of Three Sources of Renewable Energy as Alternatives to Using Fossil Fuels in the Developing World1850 Words   |  8 Pagesthe main source of energy. However, faced with the notable increase demand for energy, fossil fuel, as a non-renewable resource becomes scarcer and more expensive nowadays. To solve this problem, the world needs to replace fossil fuels with other sources of energy which are relatively low-cost and more secure. Renewable energy is such a potential energy. This essay will give an outline of three sources of renewable energy to be used in developing nations, which are solar energy, wind power and biomassRead MoreUsing Renewable And Clean Energy1881 Words   |  8 PagesImagine a world without energy. People living in the dark, with no heating system to keep them warm in the cold weather, cannot cook food on gas but have to rely on burning woods. Unabl e to cure diseases as there are no refrigerators to store vaccines. The expression â€Å"modern world† would have no meaning. Humans have managed to create every possible luxury one can imagine. However, in order to make life easier, humans have also created severe problems for themselves and the environments. The growingRead MoreUsing Renewable Energy Systems ( Ac )2416 Words   |  10 PagesSummary: At present, most distributed renewable energy systems produce direct current (DC) electricity which is then inverted to alternating current (AC) and fed into the electric grid. Simultaneously, many modern building loads and storage systems use rectifiers to convert AC grid electricity to DC for use at the load or battery. Onsite use of renewable energy production therefore requires two energy conversions: DC/AC at the point of generation and AC/DC at the load. The Bosch DC Building ScaleRead MoreSustainability Using Renewable Energy And The Governments Have Instilled Regulatio ns1426 Words   |  6 PagesDespite the fact that the firms have been more inclined towards ensuring sustainability using renewable energy and the governments have instilled regulations to ensure that firms comply with the multitude of environmental rules and standards, the carbon footprint of the world has increased. Per a report published by the World Bank, the C02 emissions in 2000 was 4.034 metric tons per capita and in 2015 it increased to 4.996 metric tons per capita (C02 emissions, The World Bank). Even though the C02Read MoreSustainability And Construction Practices : Department Of Civil Engineering1256 Words   |  6 Pages 3 Scope of renewable energy 3 Types of renewable energy i. Solar power 3 ii. Wind power 5 iii. Biomass 6 iv. Geothermal energy 7 v. hydropower 8 Conclusion 8 References 9â€Æ' RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ELECTRICITY IN SUSTAINABILITY INTRODUCTION: It is the energy comes from natural resources like sun light, wind, rain water and geothermal heat. As we all know that coal, oil, gas are limited in nature they might run out some day renewable energy is the best wayRead MoreA Brief Note On Hydro Quebec And The Largest Electricity Company1630 Words   |  7 PagesHydropower is one of sustainable energy resources and it plays a very important role to protect our environment.The company was founded in April 14, 1994. After more than seventy years’ development, about 99 percent of electricity that Hydro-Quebec generated is by Hydropower. Hydro-Quebec’s research institute (IREQ) which is in charge of technological innovation advantages Hydro-Quebec compare with other electricity company. Why Energy consumption is Important? Energy consumption is bound tightlyRead MoreThe Future Industry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe Future Industry in Energy: Dropping the Concept of Nuclear Energy At the start of the mid 1950’s, the world was introduced to a new, alternative source of power that would revolutionize the energy industry; this power became known as nuclear energy. Since that time, nuclear energy seemed to pave the way in efficiency and supply power to countless cities around the globe. However, the past has shown that there are many major disadvantages to using nuclear energy. Today, many individuals believeRead MoreRenewable Electricity : Generating Electricity, Heating And Making The Food That We Eat1300 Words   |  6 Pages Generating Electricity 10/03/16 Introduction: There are several methods to generate electricity that we use daily for transportation, light, heating and making the food that we eat. Renewable and non renewable are the two types of energy resources available to us. The standard method of creating electricity has been by burning coal, releasing carbon dioxide into the air. It was perviously thought carbon dioxide created warming however this is strongly disputed now as the correlation between

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Reading and Writing Skills Essay - 1025 Words

Reading and Writing Skills I remember when I started kindergarten. It was August 27, 1990. I’m still a little angry about that day because it was my fifth birthday and I still remember that I didn’t get to wear a crown on that day like the rest of my classmates did on their birthdays. I guess I didn’t get to wear the crown because it was the first day of school. But besides that, kindergarten was a really great year. In the mornings we’d go around the classroom to different stations and play different games, then we’d go to P.E., then lunch, and finally nap time. That was the year I learned how to count to one thousand. My teacher Mrs. Collins would sit with us and we’d count every morning. And every morning we’d count a†¦show more content†¦I also went through a phase in junior high where I bought non-fiction diaries of teenagers that struggled through different problems. Those always kept me entertained and they were the type of books that I could nev er put down. Reading was never something that I just did in school. I did it whenever we had free time in class, after school, and at night before bed. It was always one of my hobbies. I also found writing very interesting. I enjoyed writing papers for all of my English classes. Every one was a little different and every year I truly believe that I became a better writer. I learned different ways to write and I believe that I always met my teacher’s expectations in my papers. I remember in fifth grade I had to write my first autobiography. That was the only time until now that I got to write entirely about myself. It’s a project that I’ll never forget. My teacher gave us about a month to write this paper and put a book together. The book consisted of my paper and pictures all glued to construction paper. In that autobiography I wrote about my time growing up, my family, my friends, my hobbies, etc. My parents still have that book. It was such an impacting projec t. It was really nice to reflect on my time growing up and the things I enjoyed. When I was eight years old, I learned how to play the piano. Even though reading music is different than reading words and sentences, it’s also very much the same. Different notes are putShow MoreRelatedReading and Writing Skills4296 Words   |  18 Pagesfrom wikipedia and some other sources: Importance of Good Writing and Reading Skills Effective Writing and Reading Skills for Effective Communication Feb 21, 2009 Alla Kondrat [pic] Effective Writing Skills - GJo Effective writing and reading skills are as important for effective communication as speaking and listening skills. [pic][pic][pic][pic] They are not just a set of basic skills people are taught at school. Writing and reading are an integral part of each educated individual’s life sinceRead MoreMy Reading And Writing Skills1484 Words   |  6 Pagesyears had hurt me academically, and that as a college freshman, my reading and writing skills were at an eighth grade level. I tried, but was unable to keep up with the other students. I was a homeschooled, seventeen year old, lost in this world of learning, surrounded mainly by students who came from private schools all over the country. (Literacy Narrative 7?) I had no writing skills beyond the eighth grade and college level writing was foreign to me. In my previous classes, It was assumed everyoneRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading And Writing Skills1068 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloping reading and writing skills, which can include writing information on job applications, understanding laws, and reading road signs. These skills are critical to learn at a young age because they help students with academics, affect how quickly the everyday person can read or write in the future, and impact the jobs citizens can get after graduating. Reading and writing have impacted me in a numerous amount of ways, both positively and negatively. Looking back, the lack of reading and writingRead MoreLiteracy Is A Important Skill Of Reading And Writing1102 Words   |  5 Pageshates to read; there are only children who have not found the right book.† Frank Serafini. Literacy is a very important skill in this modern world. No matter where we go, if we cannot read or write the language it can make things very difficult. Since the very day that we were all born, it was instilled upon us to learn to read and write our native tongue. If we do not have the skills necessary to do this, how will we ever learn and grow? Learning to read and write is a life-long pursuit in which theRead MoreEncouraging Children s Reading And Writing Skills Essay2090 Words   |  9 Pages Encouraging children?s reading and writing skills in their early years is a critical component of early education. As these skills develop it is also important to maintain what has been learned and support generalization of reading and writing throughout their lives and other life domains. Children with autism and other developmental disabilities often lack these skills, whether in motivation, skill development, or understand the skill is being taught. Incorporating interventions to helpRead MoreThe Importance Of Short Term Intensive Language Courses On Reading And Writing Skills937 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction I observe Mr. D’s Adult ESL class at EC San Diegofacility. Heteaches fifteen intermediate level of ESL learners and the nationalities of learners vary.His class focuses on reading and writing, but deals with four skills of English language, especially vocabulary, grammar, speaking, and writing skills. Learners take six weeks intensive English Language course to improve their English proficiency. This language school’s fundamental goal is to help learners prepare in a global communityRead MoreDesigned to measure the math, reading and writing skills necessary to predict college success, The1800 Words   |  8 PagesDesigned to measure the math, reading and writing skills necessary to predict college success, The SAT Reasoning Test is the most popular and widely accepted exam used for college entrance available today. A team of U.S. colleges developed its earliest form, known as the College Entrance Exam, in 1901. This essay-only test was designed for students applying to colleges to take one entrance exam instead of separate exams for each university. In 1926, the College Entrance Exam became the SAT (StudentRead MoreThe Link Between Reading And Writing894 Words   |  4 Pagesconnection between reading and writing is important to emphasize in a classroom environment. The process of reading and writing work better when they are together, â€Å"Developmental relations between reading and writing at the word, sentence, and text levels† says that â€Å"reading affects writing and writing affects reading. According to recommendations from the major English/Language Arts professional organizations, reading instruction is most effective when intertwined with writing instruction and viceRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading And Writing As A Person848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe different skills a person has. As human beings our curiosity starts evolving more and more, but what are the two most important skills that we all carry and progress? The two most important skills are reading and writing. It is a talent that every single person has and become very important developmental skills that progress as a person gets older. Many people believe that these skills are important because it is a way to express feelings and thoughts. People view reading and writing as a way toRead MoreEssay about Important Language Skills1735 Words   |  7 PagesImportant Language Skill Out of the Four Language Skills Communication plays a vital role in our daily life. To acquire good communication, command on four language skills is important i.e. Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking. I studied a few articles in which the authors specified the significance of each language skill. They found a strong positive relation between the four skills and stated that none of these is complete without the other. Effective communication is acquired after learning

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Positive Accounting Research for Social MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePositive Accounting Researchfor Social and Environmental. Answer: Introduction This paper examines the development of positive accounting researching. In this report an adamantine study has been prepared to delineate various facts and figures of positive accounting research. In this article we will show several methodology and models which reflects how human would make decision in different situation based on prepared accounting framework. This article is made by different models and stretchers which is useful to determine the effectiveness of positive accounting researching (Klemstine and Maher, 2014). The Positive Accounting theory has provided various important influences to the accounting research in positive accounting research. Unlike normative theory, these positive accounting theories has been developed by American professors Ross Watts and Jerold Zimmerman and the other scalars, has provided key aspects of human decision making and their aspects. In positive accounting research theories it has been given that explanation means giving the reasons of the se observed practices. For example, positive accounting finds out why business historical cost in their accounting system. On the other hand, there are several businesses that move from there accounting techniques to other accounting techniques. Predicting accounting practice means that the theory would predicts the phenomenon has not been observed. This report consists with several parts such as Summary of article which will reflects the core aspect of data given in article. After that, theoretical aspects and models have also been used to showcases the main key points of this research (Everett, et al. 2015). Summary Of Article From this article, writers and other viewers help to easily evaluate the goodness and bad on positive accounting research. This article is holding information on the human behavior and their cause and effect relation in positive accounting research practice. There are several point of view and assumptions that have been taken into consideration which reflects the best accounting practice level set program to reduce different accounting practice. In addition to this, there are several casual theory and inclusive point of view which is showing how to accountant and auditors could come up with the common decision in preparing financial statements. Therefore, positive accounting theory not only explains and predicts the accounting activities taking place in reality but also explains the reason for the existence of such events, answers the question of what happens and why does it go in such a way (Dyckman and Zeff, 2014). The impact of published financial statements is used to share price . It can be seen that positive accounting theory would discover and explain things, phenomena that never appeared before or was appeared in the implementation of normative accounting theory. Positive Accounting theory is based on empirical studies with data and events happening in practice to test the hypothesis that researchers observed and posed. Positive accounting often used application of statistical methods or advanced econometrics to verify the hypothesis for the behavior of free will. It provides that if people are having behavior of free will then there will be high chances that auditors and accountant will have conflict with their working functioning (Brown Preiato, and Tarca, 2014). There is positive ontology and epistemology is the main major factors which provide how cases and effects relation could be used to determine the accountant and auditors decisions making factors in positive accounting research practice. This not only provides the reason behind the contradiction in decisions by accountant and auditors but also reflects the bases on which these decisions have been taken. This article is holding details regarding reciprocal behavior, self interest and theory and positive ontology and epistemology which are used to make interpretation of qualitative data (Engle and Hunton, 2015). Self interest theory also provides that persons will take care of their own interest before the interest of organization as a whole. Each and every human takes decision on the basis of his external and internal factors which result into variation of their decision (Smith, 2014). These different decisions aroused due to different perceptions, factor and other models. These models have helped accountants and auditors to classifying, recording and summarizing task and provide them understanding to cover all the requirement of positive accounting practice in effective manner. Now it could be inferred that this article consisted with different. Human behavior based on the different factors and circumstances (Deegan, 2017). Researching Questions There are several questions which could be taken into consideration for preparing this article. How positive accounting research practice could be different from intellectual program? What are the affecting factors which establish cause and effect relation in positive accounting research? Which theories and models have been used in positive accounting research? What are the positive effects of using ontology and epistemology in positive accounting research practice in positive accounting research? (Li, 2015). Theoretical Frameworks This article is consisted with several models and frameworks which could be used in this positive accounting research practice. There are other models such as hypothetical test, ontology epistemology frameworks. These all theories have been used to define the human behavior and others associated factors (Dyckman and Zeff, 2014). As per the views of Everett, Netu, Rahman, And Maharaj it is given that auditors and accounting are two different persons who used different critical understanding to make effective decision in their accounting works. There are several theories such as behavior of free will, cause and effects relation and other accounting framework which helps accountant and auditors to make their decisions effectively. It is observed that if accountants are behavior of free will in their accounting models and decision then it would surely result into conflict of interest between auditors and accountants. There are other models and frameworks which could be used in accounting framework in this article either in American or international which reflects standard models for measuring human behavior. These behaviors are the main partitions which provide how people will make decisions and how positive accounting research could be used to prepare financial statement. An early interpretive study of accounti ng was UK National coal Board by berry et al(1985). The research team studies how and why managers constructed interpreted and used accounting information. The aim was to understand accounting from the perspective of prepares and users. The ontology did not rest on a belief that accounting consisted of hard visible and tangible facts independent of subjects but rather an assumption that it is socially constructed and is given meaning according to people s beliefs and claim which are neither stable over time nor consistent across populations. However, knowledge is not random or without form: rather patterns or structures, sometime enduring, are created and sustained during personal interactions. Hence considerable time was spent not only interviewing managers but also observing workers and supervisors at and returning from the coal face, and above ground in control rooms and during accountability meetings. No prior hypotheses were made; rather rich descriptions and explanations were built up using qualitative coding methods. They found that collieries profit centers formally controlled through budgets that fed accountability systems from the pit, through the region, ultimately to the HQ in the London. There are other several behaviors of free will. In this article main focus in made on Darwins theory of evaluation which reflects qualitative assessment and measurement in positive research. This Darwins theory of evaluation could be bifurcated into following several parts (Waymire, 2014). The first phase of Darwins theory of evaluation related with collecting primary and secondary qualitative data. These collected data is deployed by auditors others stakeholders to evaluate on what basis accountant has prepared financial statement. In Darwins theory of evaluation, focus is made to identify. It is observed that if auditor uses realistic model then it would result into the basic level of errors. There are other several models which have been used in positive accoun ting research practice such as hypothetical test and ontology and epistemology (Fang, et al. 2014). Significant Of Positive Accounting Research The main significant of this positive research accounting is related with how accounts make their decisions. This research has accompanied with the details which reflects the human behavior and their cause and effects relation. This study has been prepared with a view to provide the core aspect of positive accounting research. There are several important factors which have been identified in this research that provides how accounting research practice could be useful for establishment of harmonization in accountant and auditors behaviors (Slater, et al. 2014). It is also observed that there are several frameworks and models use in this reports which provides how positive accounting research practice could be used by accountant for effective accounting practice. There are several other relation and personal theories and practices have been used in positive accounting practice which is core factors for influencing human behavior. There is other rational and personal practice in positiv e accounting research have been evaluated which reflects human behavior and factors which influence accountant behavior. In the end it would be inferred that there are several methods and models in positive accounting research which are very useful for establishment of harmonization in accountant and auditors behavior (Guan, 2014). Conclusion:- Human decision varies person to person and based factors. In addition to this, in order to justify the facts and theories used in this article hypothetical test have been taken into consideration. This hypothetical test make effectiveness on the result oriented human decision behavior. These all theories models are the critical factors to establish harmonization in the accountant and auditors behavior in their accounting decisions. The main impact of positive accounting research aroused from the types one error. This type of error is unavoidable and accountant and others auditors tend to make these mistakes. As per the positive accounting research, these types of errors could be mitigated if double cross checks system is implemented. in addition to this, interchangeable factors given in various models and theories such as Darwins theory of evaluation, behavior of free will and cause and effect relation provides how humans take their decision and what complexity they face in their acc ounting decision. In the end it would be inferred that all the test and statistics under the null hypothesis is based on auxiliary assumptions which is consider as limitation of this article. All the accountant and auditors should take less assumption and hypothetical data to avoid possible mistakes and errors. References Brown, P., Preiato, J. and Tarca, A., 2014. Measuring country differences in enforcement of accounting standards: An audit and enforcement proxy.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,41(1-2), pp.1-52. Deegan, C., 2017. Twenty five years of social and environmental accounting research within Critical Perspectives of Accounting: Hits, misses and ways forward.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,43, pp.65-87. Dyckman, T.R. and Zeff, S.A., 2014. Some methodological deficiencies in empirical research articles in accounting.Accounting Horizons,28(3), pp.695-712. Engle, T.J. and Hunton, J.E., 2015. Retraction: The Effects of Small Monetary Incentives on Response Quality and Rates in the Positive Confirmation of Account Receivable Balances.AUDITING: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(3), pp.201-201. Everett, J., Neu, D., Rahaman, A.S. and Maharaj, G., 2015. Praxis, Doxa and research methods: Reconsidering critical accounting.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,32, pp.37-44. Fang, J., Haw, I.M., Yu, V. and Zhang, X., 2014. Positive externality of analyst coverage upon audit services: Evidence from China.Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting Economics,21(2), pp.186-206. Guan, K., 2014. Corporate Growth, Audit Quality and Accounting Conservatism: Empirical Evidence from Public Companies in China.Journal of Accounting and Economics,5(005). Klemstine, C.F. and Maher, M.W., 2014.Management Accounting Research (RLE Accounting): A Review and Annotated Bibliography. Routledge. Li, X., 2015. Accounting conservatism and the cost of capital: An international analysis.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,42(5-6), pp.555-582. Slater, R.A., Koren, S., Ramot, Y., Buchs, A. and Rapoport, M.J., 2014. Interpreting the results of the Semmes?Weinstein monofilament test: accounting for false?positive answers in the international consensus on the diabetic foot protocol by a new model.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews,30(1), pp.77-80. Smith, M., 2014.Research methods in accounting. Sage. Waymire, G.B., 2014. Neuroscience and ultimate causation in accounting research.The Accounting Review,89(6), pp.2011-2019.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Performance Managerment †Executive Briefing Note Essay Sample free essay sample

This papers will sketch the new Performance Management System. This briefing note will explicate what a public presentation direction system is. the chief constituents of a good public presentation direction system. the nexus between motive and public presentation every bit good as other information sing public presentation direction. We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Managerment – Executive Briefing Note Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is Performance Management? Performance Management is a tool to guarantee that line directors efficaciously manage and develop their employees in-line with organizational aims and ends. Performance direction is a method for line directors to pass on with their employees informing them: †¢ what is expected of the employee †¢ how the employee will be rewarded †¢ how the employee should present consequences †¢ what consequences the administration is looking for on a concern broad graduated table †¢ hot the employee will be developed Performance direction is a cardinal constituent of an administrations attack to pull offing employees. How does Performance Management align with concern aims? Whilst there is no cosmopolitan understanding as to what constitutes public presentation direction. there are features that are by and large present. they include: †¢ It aims to better organizational. divisional. departmental and single public presentation †¢ It aims to associate concern aims and ends to divisional. departmental and single aims and ends †¢ It evaluates organizational. divisional. departmental and single public presentation. placing demands for public presentation betterment and developing new public presentation aims †¢ It incorporates occupation design. enlisting al choice. preparation and development. calling planning and compensation and benefits. along with the Performance reappraisal. The intent of Performance Management is to enable and promote employees by run intoing their ain aims which are aligned with the concern aims. It helps advance a extremely competent work force by promoting employee to run into their full potency. As you know run intoing concern aims is indispensable to the endurance of the concern and these demand to be communicated down to employees. Aims should be stretching to set us in the best competitory place and demand to be measured. reviewed and monitored. Employee aims should be SMARTS ( Specific. Measurable. Achievable. Realistic. Timely and Stretching ) . The employee should hold to the aims when they are set out in their public presentation reappraisal. every bit good as line directors puting aims the employee should besides be given the opportunity to believe of their ain aims. this manner you empower the employee and they will experience motivated to finish the aims and hence assist the company run into its ain aims. What makes up Performance Management? An effectual Performance Management System has many constituents. for our concern the of import 1s are ; †¢ Performance Planning: This is done by both the line manage and the employee at the beginning of the twelvemonth ( in our instance the November public presentation reappraisal ) . this will sketch aims and expected behaviors for the following 12 months. It will besides include any countries of public presentation that demand betterment. These countries will so be agreed between the line director and the employee. †¢ Performance Appraisal and Reviewing: It is proposed that reappraisals are performed twice a twelvemonth. one in November reexamining the old twelvemonth and planning for the following twelvemonth. There will besides be a reappraisal in May reexamining the employees public presentation so far and guaranting aims are still relevant and run into the concern demands. There should be an 80/20 regulation with the employee 80 % of the clip and the line director speaking 20 % of the clip. this should be inquiring inquiries of the employee so that the employee can reexamine their ain public presentation. During the public presentation the line director should pass 40 % of the clip looking back on the old twelvemonth and the other 60 % looking frontward to the following twelvemonth. †¢ Feedback on the employees public presentation: this is an of import portion of the public presentation direction system. This is where the employee receives information from their line manage about the countries of betterment and whether they are lending the expected degrees of public presentation or non. The feedback should be unfastened and crystalline and include any preparation and development demands that may hold been identified. Though there are merely 2 public presentation reappraisals a twelvemonth public presentation should be managed on a twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours footing so that the employee has a opportunity to better their public presentation before the following reappraisal. This besides informs the employee if they are meeting/exceeding the expected degrees of public presentation. How does motive impact public presentation? An employees public presentation will depend on a figure of factors – accomplishment. cognition. competency. aptitude. attitude and behaviors amongst other. Motivation is of import as the degree of motive an employee has will find how these factors are applied. Each employee will be motivated otherwise and is affected by a alteration by a scope of variables. Motivation is unstable and will alter throughout an employees life. If an employee is extremely motivated they will execute higher and if they perform higher this may take to a sense of accomplishment and a higher motive. Whilst a batch of employees are motivated develop and execute better. there are some employees who are non. These employees tend to make merely plenty to maintain anyone from detecting them. This is the country where public presentation direction falls down and it is up to the director to happen ways to actuate their staff. guaranting that they are making their occupation decently and are lodging to promises are merely some ways this could assist. The director should besides seek to happen out why these employees are non motivated. There are many theories on motive and they are grouped as: †¢ Reinforcement Theories which propose that effects will determine behavior ? i. e. Positive support will promote good behaviors and negative support will do unwanted behaviors to be avoided ? e. g. Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory states that factors that cause occupation satisfaction will differ from those that cause dissatisfaction. ‘Motivators’ ( accomplishment or the work itself ) will supply positive support and ‘hygiene’ factors ( wage or working conditions ) will hold a negative consequence if non handled right. †¢ Needs Theories which propose that people have demands that are satisfied by working. These demands could be nutrient or lodging or the demand for regard from others. †¢ Cognitive Theories propose that employees are rational and have different positions on wages. These theories suggest employees bring inputs to a occupation e. g. experience. makings. energy and attempt for which they expect to have wage. acknowledgment and interesting work. The inputs and end products are so weighed and are seen as just or unjust ? e. g. Adams Equity Theory provinces and employee will see their ratio of inputs and end products against other employees of tantamount accomplishments. experience and makings. The employee will either be satisfied or unsated with the result. Equally good as motive holding an impact on public presentation the civilization of the company will besides hold the same impact. We have a constructive civilization within our company and promote behaviors such as Achievement. Self-Actualising. Humanistic-Encouraging and Affiliative and this will assist when presenting a new public presentation direction system as the trust between direction and employees is already at that place and merely demands to be built upon. What should be considered when pull offing public presentation? There are many factors that should be taken in to consideration when pull offing public presentation. †¢ Performance linked to salary – when this happens employees may be given to deny their failings and may bury any errors. They may besides fault any sensed short-comings on others. †¢ Management Commitment – If employees recognise there is a deficiency of direction committedness to the Performance Management System they can go misanthropic about the system and see it as a pencil forcing exercising. If †¢ Management Training – If directors are non trained in public presentation direction so it will non be just across the concern. which may go forth some countries with employees who are non working to the right aims. or being told they are underachieving when they are non. In order for a Performance direction system to work it must be just across the concern. Not merely should directors be trained in Performance Management. employees should be trained so that they are cognizant what they will be measured against. †¢ Indexs can tilt towards efficiency instead than effectiveness as public presentation direction favours what can be measured. Even within the indexs that can be measured. public presentation can lie outside of an persons control. For case if the gross revenues squad are non executing so there will be no work for the production staff which may ensue in redundancies. †¢ Clear Guidance from directors – employees who do non hold clear counsel from directors may be confused as to that the director is looking for and why they have been given certain aims. this will demotivate the employee and will do jobs when seeking to reexamine them. Reward and Performance Management The chief intents of wages in a public presentation direction system are to retain. actuate cardinal employees and to cut down turnover. These wagess can be both fiscal and non-financial. The manner in which employees are rewarded can hold considerable impact on their public presentation. What is a Entire Reward System? A Total Reward System encompasses all facets of work that are valued by employees including preparation and development every bit good as the on the job conditions and wage and benefits. A Entire wages System can be used to pull. motivate and retain employees. As stated antecedently reward does non hold to be fiscal. there are many different constituents to a Total Reward System these include: †¢ Compensation i. e. Basic wage and pay for Overtime. This is an of import constituent of the wages system. and is the chief ground a batch of employees attend work †¢ Benefits these can be used to supplement hard currency compensation and are normally to protect the employee or their household from fiscal hazards e. g. Life Assurance. Company Car. Health Cash Plan. Ill Wage †¢ Work Life Balance this is going more and more of import to employees and includes flexible working. paid an unpaid clip off for dependents †¢ Development and Career Opportunity whilst non every employee wants to progress this is still portion of the Total Reward System as it includes on the occupation preparation every bit good as the chance to develop †¢ Performance and acknowledgment this is a cardinal constituent for organizational aims and involves the alliance of organizational. divisional. departmental and single attempts towards the accomplishment of the concern aims. Recognition acknowledges and gives particular attending to an employees actions/efforts. What beginnings of informations can be used for public presentation and honor direction? As public presentation is measured against specific indexs a splashboard can be used to find how the concern is making. along with how employees are executing against their ain aims. Benchmarking against other companies in the country will assist garner the information needed for the Total Reward Package as this will include wage and benefits. This will guarantee that employees are being rewarded reasonably. This will assist to cut down the turnover and motivate employees. Bibliography 1. Daniels. A ( 4th edition. July 2004 ) . Performance Management: Changing Behaviour that Drives Organizational Effectiveness 2. Martin. M. . Whiting. F. and Jackson. J. ( 5th edition ) Human Resource Practice 3. Stredwick. J. ( 2nd edition ) An Introduction to Human Resource Management 4. Torrington. D. . Hall. L. and Taylor. S. ( 5th edition ) Human Resource Management 5. Armstrong. M. ( 8th edition ) A Handbook of Human Resource Management 6. Rock. R. ( 4th edition ) Human Resource Management